Also on the nacelle is an anemometer to measure wind speed and direction. Click here for an inside view of a wind turbine. The wind direction rotates the nacelle to face into the wind. The energy in the wind called kinetic energy turns the turbine blades around the rotor creating mechanical energy. The rotor connects to the main shaft, which turns inside the generator housing.
Both of these points make the UK well positioned to make the most of both offshore and onshore wind power and reduce its reliance on fossil fuels. This demonstrates just how fast wind power capacity in the UK is growing.
There are roughly 8, onshore wind turbines and 2, offshore turbines in the UK. Go to RenewableUK for the latest statistics. Altogether, they produce enough power to meet the annual electricity demand of around 12 million homes [ 1 ].
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Also in Hydrogen explained Hydrogen Production of hydrogen Use of hydrogen. Wind turbines produce DC power, which is converted to AC electricity by power converters and transferred to cables buried throughout the footprint of the wind farm. High-voltage electricity is then delivered to the utility scale power grid, which transmits it to homes, businesses, and other end-users. A typical modern turbine will start to generate electricity when wind speeds reach six to nine miles per hour mph , known as the cut-in speed.
Turbines will shut down if the wind is blowing too hard roughly 55 miles an hour to prevent equipment damage. For example, if the wind at a turbine reaches the cut-in speed of six to nine mph, the turbine will start generating electricity. As wind speeds increase, so does electricity production. Wind energy only marginally increases total power system variability, as most changes in wind energy output are cancelled out by opposite changes in electricity demand or other sources of supply.
Wind changes tend to be gradual and predictable, making them far less costly to accommodate using less expensive, slower-acting reserves. When wind turbines are spread over large areas, their output becomes far more constant and even easier to accommodate. Additionally, modern wind plants can provide the same grid reliability services as conventional power plants, in many cases better than conventional plants, by using their sophisticated controls and power electronics.
This measures the amount of electricity a wind turbine produces in a given time period typically a year relative to its maximum potential.
For example, suppose the maximum theoretical output of a two megawatt wind turbine in a year is 17, megawatt-hours two times 8, hours, the number of hours in a year. The turbines in a wind farm are connected so the electricity they generate can travel from the wind farm to the power grid. Once wind energy is on the main power grid, electric utilities or power operators will send the electricity to where people need it.
Finally, smaller distribution lines deliver electricity directly to your town, home, or business. Wind turbines come in many different sizes and configurations and are manufactured by a range of both domestic and international companies.
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