The muscles of the face give it general form and contour, help you outwardly express your feelings, and enable you to chew your food. The quadriceps femoris is a group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. The Latin translation of 'quadriceps' is 'four headed,' as the group….
The palmaris brevis muscle lies just underneath the skin. It is a short muscle on the flat of the hand. The muscle begins at the flexor retinaculum in…. The movement of the upper arm and shoulder is controlled by a group of four muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The largest and strongest muscle in…. The extensor pollicis longus muscle begins at the ulna and the interosseous membrane, a tough fibrous tissue that connects the ulna and the radius in…. The biceps brachii, sometimes known simply as the biceps, is a skeletal muscle that is involved in the movement of the elbow and shoulder.
It is a…. The skeletal system is the foundation of your body, giving it structure and allowing for movement. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. The humerus serves as an attachment of many muscles and ligaments in the arm. Some of the attached muscles run all the way into the hand. The humerus typically becomes a problem only when it breaks fractures. There are many types of humerus fractures and as a result, the treatments for these fractures are quite variable.
The radius is one of the two forearm bones and is on the thumb side of the forearm near the hand, but is always on the outside of the elbow. The position of the radius changes depending on how the hand is turned because the radius twists around the other forearm bone, the ulna. At the elbow, the radius is part of the odd shaped joint between the humerus and the two forearm bones.
The joint between the radius and humerus by itself is like a ball and socket joint, with the radius forming the socket. The radius has many muscular attachments to move the elbow, forearm, wrist and fingers. The end of the radius leads to the wrist joint.
The radius and ulna are joined by cartilage joints at the elbow and at the wrist. They are also joined by multiple ligaments. There are many ways that people injure the radius and the forearm. Breaking this bone is common because when we fall, the hands and arms are typically used to break the fall.
The ulna is one of the two forearm bones and is on the small finger side of the forearm. Unlike the radius, this bone does not twist, so when the hand changes position, the ulna is always in the same position on the inside part of the forearm. Like the radius, the ulna has joints at the elbow and wrist. The joint between the ulna and humerus is a hinge type of joint.
At the wrist, the ulna has a smaller surface in contact with the wrist bones and typically bears less of the force from the hand and wrist. The ulna is joined to the radius throughout the forearm with cartilage joints at the elbow and wrist and multiple ligaments connecting to the radius through the whole length of the forearm. Like the radius, breaking the ulna bone is a common reason for problems with the ulna.
The scaphoid is a bone in the wrist. It is part of the first row of wrist bones, but it helps to link the two rows of wrist bones together. Most of the scaphoid is covered with cartilage which contacts five other bones in the wrist and forearm. The part of the scaphoid without cartilage is attached to ligaments and has blood vessels that come from the radial artery. Bones need blood flow to heal.
A broken or fractured scaphoid can have difficulty healing, or may never heal, because of a disruption of blood flow through the scaphoid. An intact scaphoid is important and necessary for proper wrist function because of how it interacts with the other wrist bones. The lunate is a bone in the middle of the wrist in the first row of wrist bones. Like most of the wrist bones, it is almost entirely covered in cartilage. This bone has a crescent shape when seen from the side and its large cartilage surface allows for significant wrist motion.
It is uncommon to break the lunate, but the lunate can be involved with dislocations of the wrist and can rub against the ulna if the ulna is too long compared to the radius bone. The triquetrum is a bone on the small finger side of the wrist in the first row of wrist bones.
This bone adds stability to the wrist, gives the wrist a larger surface to bear weight transmitted from the hand, and makes a joint with other carpal bones including the pisiform. This is a roughly trapezoidal-shaped bone in the second row of wrist bones and primarily holds the index finger metacarpal bone in place.
This bone is uncommonly injured. The trapezium is a saddle-shaped bone in the second row of wrist bones, and it is the main place where the thumb metacarpal connects to the wrist.
This bone has an odd shape that allows the thumb to move in multiple directions, yet it stabilizes thumb as well. There are two main problems seen with this wrist bone. Breaking fracturing the bone is common, but the most common problem is arthritis between the trapezium and the bones it sits next to in the wrist and thumb. The capitate is a large bone in the center of the second row of wrist bones.
It forms joints with multiple bones in the wrist and hand. It sits primarily under the middle finger metacarpal bone. This bone makes an important contribution to wrist motion. The hamate is a large, unusually shaped, bone that has an almost triangular shape when seen from the top and is located in the second row of wrist bones. As with the other wrist bones. It is one of the attachment points for the ligament involved in carpal tunnel syndrome.
It holds up the ring and little finger metacarpal bones. The hamate can be injured in more than one way. Frequently, the hamate can break when people use the hand for punching. Also, the hook of the hamate can fracture during a fall or if struck directly, such as when a baseball player swings a bat or golfer swings a golf club.
The pisiform is a small sesamoid bone a bone within a tendon that sits in the wrist and is in the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon. Like other sesamoid bones, it changes the direction of pull of the tendon to which it is attached.
Bones are made of connective tissue reinforced with calcium and specialised bone cells. Most bones also contain bone marrow, where blood cells are made. Bones work with muscles and joints to hold our body together and support freedom of movement. This is called the musculoskeletal system. The skeleton supports and shapes the body and protects delicate internal organs such as the brain, heart and lungs.
The body is constantly building up and breaking down bone tissue as required. Healthy bone needs a balanced diet, regular weight-bearing exercise and the right levels of various hormones. Bone marrow is where blood cells are made. The three different types of blood cell made by bone marrow include:. Our body is constantly remodelling its skeleton by building up and breaking down bone tissue as required. As a result, each bone is rebuilt from scratch about every decade.
The bone cells involved in this process include:. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. The abdominal muscles support the trunk, allow movement and hold organs in place by regulating internal abdominal pressure. Acromegaly is caused by an excess of growth hormone in adults, which causes the overgrowth of bones in the face, hands, feet and internal organs. Exercise can prevent age-related changes to muscles, bones and joints and can reverse these changes too.
A person with amyloidosis produces aggregates of insoluble protein that cannot be eliminated from the body. Ankle sprain is a common sports injuries caused by overstretching and tearing the supporting ligaments. Content on this website is provided for information purposes only.
Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional.
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